2025-07-04
36 篇热帖
2. The Rise of Whatever (eev.ee)
This was originally titled “I miss when computers were fun”. But in the course of writing it, I discovered that there is a reason computers became less fun, a dark thread woven through a number of events in recent history. Let me back up a bit.
3. Major reversal in ocean circulation detected in the Southern Ocean (www.icm.csic.es)
4. Mini NASes marry NVMe to Intel's efficient chip (www.jeffgeerling.com)
本文评测了三款采用Intel N100/N150高效芯片和NVMe SSD存储的迷你NAS设备,旨在为需要小型化、低功耗家庭实验室存储方案的用户提供参考。作者当前需求为约6TB可用空间,因此这类全闪存迷你NAS成为合适选择。
三款设备的共同点是:均使用Intel低功耗处理器,将其提供的PCIe Gen 3通道分配给多个M.2 NVMe插槽,并配备至少一个2.5Gbps网络接口。主要差异在于具体设计、性能、散热、功耗和价格。
主要产品概览:
- GMKtec G9:价格最低,最初版本存在严重的散热问题(运行四块NVMe SSD时易过热死机),厂商已进行设计修订。修订版加大了散热孔,但具体改善效果未知。
- Aiffro K100:体积最小,散热设计出色(侧通风孔大、带VRM散热片、全金属外壳),运行安静且能效最高。缺点是价格最高,且缺少内置eMMC和WiFi,仅有一个2.5Gbps网口,BIOS设置选项有限。
- Beelink ME mini:扩展性最强,提供6个NVMe插槽(其中5个为x1带宽,1个为x2带宽),运行非常安静,并内置eMMC和电源。其散热设计(烟囱式散热器)能确保性能模式下稳定运行,但整体温度略高于K100。
性能与权衡:
- 网络文件拷贝性能:三者均可提供约250 MB/s的读写速度,但Beelink因大部分插槽带宽较低,性能可能略受影响。
- 功耗:Aiffro K100功耗最低,部分归因于其默认的平衡电源设置及精简功能。
- 关键权衡:选择迷你NAS意味着必须在价格、散热、扩展性、功耗和功能(如eMMC、WiFi)之间做出取舍。
结论: 没有一款设备能适合所有需求。GMKtec G9是预算之选,但需关注其散热改进。Aiffro K100在体积、能效和散热方面表现优异,但价格高且功能有所精简。Beelink ME mini在扩展性和静音方面突出,且当前预售价有竞争力。用户应根据自身对价格、功耗、散热和扩展性的优先级进行选择。作者本人倾向于Aiffro K100,前提是能找到合适的4TB NVMe SSD以满足其RAIDZ1阵列的6TB可用空间需求。
5. Why I left my tech job to work on chronic pain (sailhealth.substack.com)
作者分享了自己因慢性疼痛离开科技工作、转而帮助他人应对这一经历的初衷与计划。
个人经历: 作者自2020年起遭受游走性、持续性的身体疼痛(涉及跟腱、声音、肩膀、双手等),持续四年,严重影响了锻炼、社交、工作和亲密关系,感到身份被瓦解。然而,这段经历也促使他深入自省,更好地理解了自己,这对其康复至关重要。他将此视为一种“灰色”而非“银色”的慰藉。
使命与行动: 在康复后,作者立志帮助他人应对这一影响约五分之一澳洲成年人的“令人困惑”的状况。为此,他今年做出了“混乱”的决定:辞去悉尼的科技工作并出售房屋,以投入时间和资金支持这一使命。
Sail Health博客目标: 该写作系列是其第一步,旨在 揭开慢性疼痛的神秘面纱,并连接受影响者与相关从业者。博客将提供关键信息和理念,帮助人们重回无痛生活。
博客内容规划:
- 定义: 涵盖传统疼痛模型、不同类型、生物-心理-社会因素的相互作用、关键统计与研究。
- 成因: 探索神经系统、疼痛作为警报、慢性大脑变化(神经可塑性)以及人格特质与创伤的影响。
- 康复策略: 提供自我评估方法、有用的工具和练习,旨在建立对康复路径的信心。
读者价值:
- 对于已尝试多种方法未果的患者: 鼓励探索基于现代疼痛科学的身心疗法。引用2021年一项美国研究,显示66%的患者在治疗6个月后疼痛消失或几乎消失,效果优于传统疗法(如手术)。作者分享了自己最初偏见于物理治疗、低估心理因素,直到全身心投入该方法后才意识到症状根源的经历。
- 对于无慢性疼痛的读者: 相信任何关身心健康者(尤其是具有完美主义、讨好型人格、焦虑或高压生活等风险因素的人)都能从中受益。
免责声明: 作者强调自己并非医生,仅为博客爱好者,提醒读者不要用这些文章替代专业医疗护理。
预告: 下周将深入探讨慢性疼痛的实质以及大脑的作用。
6. The first time I was almost fired from Apple (www.engineersneedart.com)
7. Is an Intel N100 or N150 a better value than a Raspberry Pi? (www.jeffgeerling.com)
tl;dr: it depends.
About one year ago, I bought an Intel N100 mini PC (specifically the GMKtec N100 NucBox G3) and compared it to the Raspberry Pi 5 8GB. A year later, and we have a newer $159 16GB version of that mini PC with a slightly-faster Intel N150, and a new 16GB Raspberry Pi 5. I re-ran all my benchmarks, and this time compared like-for-like, installing Linux on the Mini PC. Many people argued comparing the OOTB experience running Windows 11 Pro (which came on the Tiny PC) to Raspberry Pi OS (which I installed on the Raspberry Pi 5) was unfair.
8. Larry (cat) (en.wikipedia.org)
9. Opening up ‘Zero-Knowledge Proof’ technology (blog.google)
Today, we open sourced our Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) libraries, fulfilling a promise and building on our partnership with Sparkasse to support EU age assurance.
10. Data on AI-related Show HN posts (ryanfarley.co)
11. Writing a Game Boy Emulator in OCaml (linoscope.github.io)
For the past few months, I have been working on a project called CAMLBOY, a Game Boy emulator that runs in the browser.
12. Show HN: I AI-coded a tower defense game and documented the whole process (github.com)
Vibe coded Tower Defense type of game made for a game jam - maciej-trebacz/tower-of-time-game
13. The chemical secrets that help keep honey fresh for so long (www.bbc.com)
蜂蜜的化学防腐秘密
蜂蜜作为一种天然甜食,却能惊人地抵抗微生物的腐败,其长久保鲜的能力归功于其独特的化学特性和蜜蜂的制作过程。
核心防腐原理: 蜂蜜耐腐的关键在于其极高的糖分浓度和极低的含水量。成熟蜂蜜的含水量通常仅为15%-18%,而糖分占比极高。这种极端的高渗环境(渗透压远高于大多数微生物的细胞)会导致微生物细胞失水而无法生存,从而形成了物理上的防腐屏障。
蜜蜂的制作过程: 蜜蜂通过一系列精巧的步骤,将原本含水量高达70%-80%的花蜜转化为防腐的蜂蜜:
- 浓缩与酶处理: 蜜蜂在采集过程中初步浓缩花蜜,并在巢内通过酶的作用增加蜂蜜的酸度、将复杂糖分分解为简单糖。
- 扇风脱水: 蜜蜂用翅膀扇动蜂巢,蒸发花蜜中剩余的大部分水分,使含水量大幅降低。
- 密封储存: 最后,蜜蜂用蜂蜡密封蜂房,隔绝空气和湿气,进一步抑制微生物活动。
其他辅助防腐因素:
- 酸性环境: 蜂蜜的pH值偏酸性,能抑制许多细菌和霉菌的生长。
- 隔绝氧气: 将蜂蜜密封在罐中,限制了需氧微生物的生长条件。
注意事项: 尽管密封蜂蜜几乎不会变质,但一旦开封,频繁接触空气、湿气和不洁器具(如沾有口水的勺子)会引入微生物和水分,可能导致发酵或变质。此外,蜂蜜在低温下可能会结晶,但这属于物理变化,不影响其安全性和品质。
有趣的是,如果人为向蜂蜜中添加水分和特定微生物,便可以酿造出蜂蜜酒,这算是一种可控的、令人愉悦的“发酵变质”。
14. AV1@Scale: Film Grain Synthesis, The Awakening (netflixtechblog.com)
AV1 @ Scale: Film Grain Synthesis, The Awakening Unleashing Film Grain Synthesis on Netflix and Enhancing Visuals for Millions Li-Heng Chen, Andrey Norkin, Liwei Guo, Zhi Li, Agata Opalach and Anush …
15. Hymn to Babylon, missing for a millennium, has been discovered (phys.org)
In the course of a collaboration with the University of Baghdad, LMU's Enrique Jiménez has rediscovered a text that had been lost for a thousand years. A paper on this discovery is published in the journal Iraq.
16. Wind Knitting Factory (www.merelkarhof.nl)
‘Wind Knitting Factory’, is a wind-powered knitting machine. With this eco-friendly fashion machine, sustainable scarves are knitted.
17. WASM Agents: AI agents running in the browser (blog.mozilla.ai)
One of the main barriers to a wider adoption of open-source agents is the dependency on extra tools and frameworks that need to be installed before the agents can be run. In this post, we show how to write agents as HTML files, which can just be opened and run in a browser.
18. Launch HN: K-Scale Labs (YC W24) – Open-Source Humanoid Robots
19. Epanet-JS (macwright.com)
Celebrating a little bit of legacy from Placemark and a new product for hydraulic simulation
20. We're not innovating, we're just forgetting slower (www.elektormagazine.com)
We’ve mistaken complexity for progress — and forgotten how things work. A 41-year-old computer still boots instantly, while today’s “smart” tech buckles.
21. Neanderthals operated prehistoric “fat factory” on German lakeshore (archaeologymag.com)
Neanderthals used heat and water to extract fat from bones 125,000 years ago, revealing advanced food processing skills.
22. Serving 200M requests per day with a CGI-bin (jacob.gold)
In the early 2000s, we used to write a lot of CGI programs. This was the primary way to make websites dynamic at the time. These CGI programs were usually written in Perl, but sometimes in C to increase performance. The CGI mechanism is conceptually simple but powerful. When the web server receives an incoming request handled by a CGI script (e.g. GET /~jakegold/cgi-bin/guestbook.cgi), it:
Sets up environment variables containing request metadata (HTTP headers, query parameters, request method, etc.) Spawns a new process to execute the CGI program Passes the request body (if any) to the program via stdin Captures the program’s stdout as the HTTP response Sends any error output from stderr to the error log
The CGI program reads the environment variables to understand the request, processes it, and writes an HTTP response to stdout, starting with headers.
23. Bcachefs may be headed out of the kernel (lwn.net)
The history of the bcachefs filesystem in the kernel has been turbulent, most recently with Li [...]
24. Kepler.gl (kepler.gl)
Kepler.gl 是一款数据无关、基于 WebGL 的高性能地理空间分析可视化 Web 应用。
其核心特性包括:
- 数据无关:可以处理和分析多种格式的地理空间数据。
- WebGL 赋能:利用 WebGL 技术实现大规模数据的流畅渲染与交互。
- 高性能:专为大规模数据集优化,提供快速的可视分析体验。
- 地理空间分析可视化:专注于地理空间数据的可视化与分析。
(其官方元数据图像可访问:Kepler.gl Meta Tag Image)
25. What every programmer should know about how CPUs work [video] (www.youtube.com)
26. I want to leave tech: what do I do? (write.as)
27. The US dollar is on track for its worst year in modern history (www.semafor.com)
The greenback is down more than 7% this year, and Morgan Stanley predicts it could fall another 10%.
28. Zig breaking change – initial Writergate (github.com)
Moved to Codeberg. Contribute to ziglang/zig development by creating an account on GitHub.
29. As a Labrador swam by me out to sea his owner said I hope he doesn't meet a seal (www.irishtimes.com)
He seems to have an irrepressible urge to shepherd his owner back to shore
30. Postcard is now open source (www.contraption.co)
Self-host a personal website + newsletter
31. Michael Madsen has died (www.nytimes.com)
32. High-fidelity simultaneous speech-to-speech translation (arxiv.org)
论文总结:Hibiki - 用于高保真同步语音到语音翻译的模型
本文介绍了 Hibiki,一个专门用于同步语音翻译的仅解码器模型。
核心方法与架构
Hibiki 采用多流语言模型架构,能够同步处理源语言和目标语言的语音流。其核心创新在于联合生成文本和音频令牌,从而同时执行语音到文本和语音到语音的翻译任务。
解决的关键挑战
论文重点解决了同步翻译(与等源语句说完再翻译的“交替传译”不同)的根本挑战:模型需要在实时过程中,以逐块的方式处理输入,动态积累足够的上下文以生成正确翻译,而非等待整个语句结束。
为实现这一点,作者提出了一种弱监督方法:
- 利用现成的文本翻译系统的困惑度来逐词识别最优延迟。
- 基于这些延迟,创建对齐的合成数据用于模型训练。
训练与推理
经过基于上述数据的监督训练后,Hibiki 能够通过标准的温度采样进行自适应的同步语音翻译。其推理过程简单,易于实现。
性能与优势
在法语-英语的同步语音翻译任务上,Hibiki 在以下方面达到了最先进的性能:
- 翻译质量
- 说话人保真度
- 语音自然度
此外,由于其简单的推理设计,该模型具备良好的实用性:
- 支持批量翻译。
- 甚至适用于实时的设备端部署。
论文提供了相关示例、预训练模型及推理代码。
33. The End of Moore's Law for AI? Gemini Flash Offers a Warning (sutro.sh)
Run LLM batch jobs in hours, not days, at a fraction of the cost.
34. LooksMapping (looksmapping.com)
LooksMapping 概要
核心名称: LooksMapping
关键元素:
- 对比分类: 内容提到了“HOT”(热门)与“NOT”(非热门/冷门)这两个明确的对比类别。
- 版权声明: 内容包含版权信息“© 2025 Looksmapping”,表明“Looksmapping”是版权所有实体,且时间为2025年。
总结: 基于有限信息,LooksMapping 可能是一个对事物(如风格、趋势、外观等)进行“热门”与“非热门”分类或评估的系统、平台或概念,其版权在2025年归属于“Looksmapping”实体。
35. Show HN: BunkerWeb – the open-source and cloud-native WAF (docs.bunkerweb.io)
Documentation of BunkerWeb, the open source and next generation WAF.